> [!todo] See also [[Food Crisis in Hawaii- From Chronology to Typology]] > - [ ] review @bjorck_2016 on crisis typologies > | Period | <18th Century | 19th C | 20th C | 21st C | | ---------------------------- | ---------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------- | | Disruption | Weather & Warfare | Economic & Weather | War & Economic | Economic & Pandemic | | Impact | Regional hunger or famine | $ famines begin and end, respectively | Disruptions impact all islands | Disruptions affect entire globe | | Mitigation Strategy | Crop/production system diversity, *Kapu* | New crop integration, | Central planning, Market integrated storage | Entitlement programs | | Response/Adaptation Strategy | Food alternates, Migration | Migration, *poi palaai* | Export reorientation,<br>Relief/international shipment, international | Civil society safety net, Transfer entitlements | ^169c68 ![[risk_evolution.png]] ## Vulnerability Type Definitions: **Ecological Vulnerability** (<18th Century): - Directly exposed to **environmental hazards** (drought, warfare) - **Localized impacts** - disruptions affect specific regions - **Built-in resilience** through biodiversity and social systems - Risk stems from **immediate environmental/social factors** **Integration Vulnerability** (19th C - First Food Regime): - Vulnerability emerges from **incorporation into global systems** - **Transition period** - old systems breaking down, new ones not yet stable - **Sandalwood famine** shows how external economic demand creates internal food crisis - **One-way vulnerability** - external economic forces disrupt local systems **Nodal Vulnerability** (20th C - Second Food Regime): - **Export disruption** (plantation crops can't reach markets) - **Import disruption** (food supplies can't reach population) - **Same infrastructure** serves both vulnerabilities (ships) - Maritime strikes perfectly demonstrate this nodal exposure **Systemic Vulnerability** (21st C - Third Food Regime): - **Global cascading effects** - local disruptions have worldwide impact - **Financialized vulnerabilities** - supply chains, just-in-time delivery - **Corporate concentration** creates single points of failure - **Sharetaker responses** may reproduce rather than solve systemic vulnerabilities ## Key Evolution Pattern: **Localized → Integration → Nodal → Systemic** Each successive period doesn't eliminate earlier vulnerabilities but **adds new forms of vulnerability**. The Third Regime still has ecological vulnerability (climate change), integration vulnerability (global markets), AND nodal vulnerability (import/export), PLUS new layers of systemic vulnerabilities from corporate consolidation and financialization. This progression shows why **sharetaker solutions** may be insufficient - they may appear to address **nodal vulnerability** (import dependence) but in practice move import relience from food to feed (e.g., Villa Rose), and potentially **intensify systemic vulnerability** through corporate control and global market integration.